Automatic expansion-valve.



a. P. CARROLL & F. ROEHRICH. AUTOMATIC EXPANSION VALVE. APPLICATION FILED FEB.9, I910.

Patented Apr. 27, 1915.

a sums-sum 1. 0:0

-W WW s FIITN MN Q N Q n Hm NS NN G. P. CARROLL (FL F. N. ROEHRICH.

AUTOMATIC EXPANSION VALVE.

APPLICATION nuzo FEB. 9. mo.

Patentefl Apr. 27, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

- interchange of a small minor part; and to There are also detail improvements of conthrough the line '1-1 of Fig. 6, looking tovalve through the line 8---8 of Fig. 1, look. 1 ing upward. Fig. 9 is a partial view and a partial horizontal. section; ofv the valve.

through the line 16 10 of Fig.- 1, looking.

pipe connections; .to make possible a variais a left end elevation of the same construe- 4 some of the superstructureremoved along enonenr. CARROLL, ornnmenronr, comvncrlcu'r, ANDlERANK n. nonnmon, or

. JERSEY crrr, NEW JEBSEY; snip nonnnrcn assumes. r0 sen) CARROLL.

AUTOMATIC nxrnn'sron-vanvn.

Application filed February 9,1910. Seria1No.54l2,8 70. p

To all whom it may concern: 7 face 2 by means of a two piece union 3, con- Be it known that we GEORGE. 1P. (Eminent.v taming a lead gasket 4:, a liquid pipe 5-, leadand FRANK N. Ronrrnronfcitizens ,of the p United States, and residents, respectively, of connected to its outlet face 6 by means of a Bridgeport, Fairfield county, State of Con= two piece union 7, containing a lead gasket necticut, and of Jersey City, Hudson county, 8, the inlet end of an expansion coil 9. State of, New Jersey, have invented" anew From the center of the face 2 a pass'age 10- and useful Automatic Expansion-Valve, of leads into a plate chamber 11,- having-its which the following is a specification. j main part in theform of a vertical cylinder Our invention relates in general to imat its topextendmg up into the casing .1, provements in valves such as permit fluid to considerably above the upper line of the paspass from one chamber-to another chamber Sage 10 and the intervening part if the until checked or stopped by some device conchamber, and underneath opening through t d th ith, a the bottom wall of the casing. Extend- The purpose of our invention is to coning upward- 111 h casing above the cystruct a valve with a pocketle'ss downward lindrical part of the chamber 11 is a small course fromits inlet to its outlet; to make cylindrical recess 12. The part of the'chamall interior parts readily accessible for re, ber 11 in front of its main cylindricalpart pairs or interchanging without bi'eaking any has its top line horizontal with the upper tion of capacity within wide limits by the the right ,and left and drops rapidly'downward'from below the passage 10- so as to leave considerablespace in front of the main cylindrical part.- In the wall of the un- I der side of the'casing' 1,,' where the chain provide a simple and effective valve guide.

structiom as will appear.- The means em ployed for accomplishing these ends are disclosed in the accompanying drawings and in the description relating thereto.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a vertical section of our invention, with, connections,

,ket recess 13 of slightly larger diameter. A small intermediate passage 14. leads directly from: the cylindrical, part of the -c amber 11, a little above the recess 13 a d opposite the passage 10, and slopes slightly downward. jln axial alinement w th the passage 14, and on the same side with the passage'10-, is a threaded plug opening 15. The passag "14: may be drilled in r the casing 1 for the. roper distance, as will appear, by a drill insertedthrough the opening 15. In such casethe opening. 15 is subsequently closed by. a .threaded plug 16, either lithargeand glycerin being used' to make a tight joint. or the plug being autogenously r-"welded into the opening. Fitting into the, cylindrical part of the chamber 11 from beneath through the opening in the casing 1, is a-cylindrical frame ward the left and with some minor parts in, elevation. Fig.2 is a front .elevationof a support and its contained valve and con-' nected parts. Fig. 3 is a plan view and Fig. 4:

tion. Fig.5 is a much enlarged front e1eva-- tion of a seat'piece, with certainadj'acent parts in vertical section. Fig. 6 is a vertical section through the line 66 of Fig. 1, looking toward the left and with some minor parts in elevation. Fig. .7. is a partial broken plan view and a partial view with the line 77 of Fig. 1. Fig. '8. isa partial line of thepassage 10, enlarged somewhat to view and a. partial horizontal sectionof the, 17jh'aving a rectangular passage 18 through it, at the-back of the same area'as the; final area of the part of the "chamber 11 'in front ofthe main cylindrical partfandwith a rec-- through the line9- -9' -of- Fig. 1, looking'" uptangdlar, recess- 19 extending'from the front ward. Fig. .10 is a partial plan view anda ofth m to line a little to the right partial horizontal section. of the valve *fof the vertical centerof the frameas seen downward, rectangular ledge formed by'this construcinFig. 1. f In the'recess-19 and upon the A main casingl -has vcan necteo'l to its-inlet- 1;tioni s placed aforaminous: plate "20, pr'efa ber 11 opens through, is an annular gaserably of steel wire cloth say of forty or fifty mesh. The plate occupies the recess 19 and is slightly larger than the'transverse areas of the part of the chamber 11, in front. of it's'main cylindrical art, and of the "passage 18. Fitting snu y into the recess 19 and holding the plate 20 in place is a stopper 21, having a rectangular passage through it registering in front with the front part of the chamber 11 and in back with the passage 18. The-bottom lines of the passage through the stopper 21 and of thefpassage 18 are in the same horizontal line as the inlet end of the passage-14. Secured into the top of the frame 17 is a pin 22 occupying the recess 12 and thus keeping the frame from turning in such a way as to interfere with a free passage through the stopper 21; the plate 20 and the passage 5 18 into the passage 14. The bottom endof the frame 17 is of less diameter than its main part, so as. to form an annular recess registering with the recess 13 when the frame is, inserted in place. At the lowest end of the frame 17 is 'an extension 22 with Q a hole through it. The frame 17 makes a close fit inthe cylindrical part of the chamber 11;=but it can be easily removed by in-' serting a hook or wire through the hole of the extension 22. After the frame 17 has been, inserted upward into its place a lead gasket 23 is placed in the recess 13 and the corresponding-recess ofthe frame; and the entire removable structure is held-in place by a threaded cap' 24, having an internal nut in its underend for screwingthe cap into. the opening in the casing 1 elow the recess 13, the lower part of the opening being correspondingly threaded for this purpose. By. this means the gasket 23 is compressed and a as tight joint is secured.

From beneat upward into the inner and lower. end of the passage 14 is drilled a small vertical passage '25. Beneath and in axial alinement with the passage 25 is a slight recess 26; and beneath and in axial alinement'with'them is-a larger and much longer recess 27, opening downward into'a chamber 28 in the casing 1, which chamber there has a horizontal inner wall. Inserted -.up into the recesses 26 and 27 is a seat piece 29, best shownin enlarged form in Fig.- 5,

having through its vertical center a small passage 30 not greater in diameter than the passa e 25 and'terminating at its lower end in a, at horizontal'valve seat 31 .within the chamber 28. The upperpart of the iece 29 dwith'mthe recess-27 is of the'same lam-j eter as the part of the piece within the recess 26 so as-to form a shoulder, upon which is, placed a lead or-pu're rubber sket 32. -The part of the recess 27, below w ere the gasket 32 is to. be placed, is threaded,. and the wide part of the piece 29 within the recess 1 27' is correspondingly threaded. The para:

' In the casing 1 outside of the depression 37 .gasket and a'circle about half way to the of the piece 29 within the chamber 28 and above the seat 31 is in the form of a square nut. By this construction, after the gasket 32 has been-placed around the shoulder of the piece 29, the piece is screwed into the recess 27 so as to compress the gasket and thus to prevent the passage of fluid other than through the passage 30.

The main part of the chamber 28 below the horizontal plane at the bottom end of the recess 27 is vertically cylindrical. The minor part of 'the chamber 28 above this horizontal plane is also vertically cylindrical, but is of less diameter and is eccentric as tothe lower part so as to form-the horizontal inner wall above referred to. As

best seen in Fig. 9, this inner wall is crescent shaped except as pierced for the piece 29. Some distance below the recess 27 the main part of the chamber 28 is of somewhat enlarged diameter so as to form an internally threaded recess 33. From the lower part of the recess 33 opposite the passage 25 emerges an outlet passage 34 through an externally threaded hub 35 and ending in the outlet face 6 so as to register with the expansion coil 9. The upper part of the chamber 28 has around its top a fiat annular rim 36. Above and outside of the rim 36 is a shallow annular depression 37 in the casing 1, depressed just outside of the rim and at its circumference of such depth as to be in the same horizontal plane as the top of the rim.

are a number, say eight, of threaded bolt holes 38. The distance of thedepression 37 above the passage 14 is only sufiicient to insure a strong and safe construction. Two of these bolt holes are equally distant on each side of the vertical center of the passage 14. A gasket 39, preferably of lead, fits into the outer edge of the depression 37. Over the gasket 39 is placed an imperforate diaphragm 40, slightly corrugated between the center of the diaphragm. Preferably the diaphragm is made ofvery thin vanadium steel-for use with ammonia and of phos hor bronze for use with carbon dioxid. A ove the diaphragm 40 is placed a rigid annular 11 limiting piece 41, near its circum erence resting on the diaphragm and s aced more and more away therefrom towar its own annular center. This piece is corrugated so as to register withthe corrugations of the diahragm 40 and has uite a number of escape lioles 42, so that, w enever the diaphragm is forced upward, any fluid between the diaphragm and the piece can pass through these holes. In Fig. 1, when all the movable-parts of the valve are in the positions there-shown,

the distance of the annular center of the piece 41 from the diaphragm is somewhat exaggerated for the sake of clearness of illustration. Over and around the circumtom 56, co1itinual1y thrusts the head of a iterence of the piece 4llis placed another gasket 43.'

' A foot 44 has, inside the circular opening in the piece 41 and resting upon the part of the" diaphragm 40 within its corrugated part, a flanged extension with a flat under surface.

' Above its extension the foot 44 is hollow [and outwardly cylindrical, withradial cspiece 41 so as to permit of fluid passingfrom cape holes45-in the cylindrical part just above the extension, having functions ,similar to those of the holes 42. The foot 44 also has within its cylindrical part an annular pocket for the support of a heavy helical compression spring 46. At its top the spring 46 abuts against the annular seat of'a head 47, having on top a concave recess. An upper casing 48 fits over the head 47 and the spring 46, surrounds and guides the cylindrical part of the foot 44, presses down the gasket 43 and is secured tothe casing l. b bolts 49 which screw into the-holes 38. The casing 48 is sufliciently spaced away from the theholes 42 through the holes 45;andit has just above the extension of the foot'44 an annular recess 50 in which the extension may reciprocate for a short distance only. Through a .threaded opening in the center and top of the casing 48 passes an-adjusting nut 51, having at its exterior top a wrench section and having a convex lower end resting-in the concave recess of the head 47. The convex end of the nut 51 has a little less radius of convexity than: is the radius of concavity ofthe recess 'in the head 47. Consequently the nut 51 can bear upon the head 47 and be freely rotated in its recess without rotating the head. The nut'51 also has a left hand thread. Around the outside of the top of the casing 48 is an annular re cess containing a leadgasket 52. The ex treme top of the casing 48 is externally threaded. Fitting over the wrench section of the nut 51 and threaded on to the top of .the casing 48' so as to compress the gasket 52 is a cap 53, having a nutjat its top.

A small Vertical passage 54 extends up- Ward from near the inner end of the passage 34 through the outer wall of the casing L 1 to 'the depression 37 just outside of the rim 36. Rigidly-fitting in both the upper and lower parts of the chamber 28 is a sup-. port- 55, extending up almost to the; top of the rim 36, but preventing from working any higher by meansiof a flange abutting. against the shouldermade by the upper end of the recess 33. The upper end of the'sup-,

bolt 58 against the center of the under side of the diaphragm 40. The head of the bolt 58 makes an easy reciprocating fit in the cup of the-support 55 and its shank passes through the perforation in the bottom 56, r

shaped space, open at the partof its circumference under the piece 29 and having vertical guiding jaws near its vertical center,

as best seen in Fig. 3. Threaded on to the shank of the bolt 58, making an easy reciprocating fit with the guiding jaws of the 30.

support 55 and with its inner wall opposite to the opening in its bay shaped space, but spaced away from the walls of the bay shaped space-and from the adjacent vertical wall of the chamber 28, is a valve 59, 35

having a shallow annular recessaround the 1 shank and carrying a flat plate 60 immediately under the seat 31.. While the piece 29 ispreferably of machine steel, the plate 60 is nickel ortin. Lead is a little too softfor long usage. But it is also possible to use some alloy of lead and tin orof lead and antimony. On theunder side of t e valve 59 around the shankof the bolt annular hub, spaced away a little from the support 55. The bottom of the shank of the bolt 58 is slotted. A slotted lock nut 61 is threaded on to the lower end of the shank,

to hold the-sup,p ort 55 in place without interfering with awree movement of its con- V tained parts. The ring 62 at its slotted part is of a little less diameter than above where it'is threaded. The bay shaped part ofthe support 55 is so much wider-than the part of. the valve under the piece 29 and there is so much space between that part of the valve and the adjacent vertical wall of the chamber 28 that there is a free passage down.- ward fromthe passage 30 on three sides of the valve to the bottom of the support 55;

and the ring 62 is enough above the passage 34 and has so wide an opening through it around the nut 61 that there is a free passage through the ring into the passage 34.

a lead gasket 63. A cap 64, having an interport 55 within the upper part of the'cham fiial nut, is screwed into the recess 33 with an external. outside flange and an annular tongue in theflange compressing the gasket 63 so as to make a tight oint. The top surface of the cap 64 inside the recess 33 isin the same horizontal plane as the bottom line of the passage 34. I

.In assembling the parts a piece 29fis referably of some other metal such as 90.

8 is an 95 piece 29 may be chosen with}; passage 30 of. as much less diameter than the passage 29 'asmay be desired. With sncha range of choice the capacity of the valve can be varied within wide limits. And at anytime after removing the valve 59, in the manner to be described,-another:piece 29 can be substituted, having a passage 30 of any desired diameter. 1

Before inserting the support into the chamber 28 the spring 57 s put in place inthesupport and the valve'59 is'ins'erted up into the support so'as to bear against the.

bottom 56. The shank of the bolt 58 isthen passedthrough the spring 57 and the bottom 56 and is en turned from above so as to project through the valve 59. Then the shank isfiirther turned by means of a screw driver inserted-into the slot at its lower end until the parts referred to are in substantially the positionshown in Figs. 1 and 6. Then the nut 61 is screwed around the shank of the bolt 58 by'means of a screw driver inserted in its slot until the nut bears againstthe valve 59.' The support 55, containing the spring 57, the bolt 58, the valve 59, the'plate and the nut61, is then inserted into the chamber 28 and is held in place bygthe ring 62, which is screwed in by means 1 of a screw" driver inserted into its slot. The cap- 64 is then screwed into place. Thestrength of the spring 57 is suchas to support the bolt 58-, the valve 59, the plate .60. and the nut .61 under all conditions of -operation.-

After the casin'g48 has been boltedover itsjcontained parts, but before the nut 51 has been screwed into place, a little glycerin or-heavy mineral oil may be poured in so asto cover the diaphragm 40 and thus to protect it from rusting. Thehut 51 is then inserted and is'turned lower or higher so as to increase or diminish, as may be desired, the thrust of the spring 46 upon the foot 44 andcensequently to tendwith greater or less force-to depress thediaphragm '40 and 4 the bolt 58. But under all circumstances,

until there is sufficient counteracting fluid pressure'on the under side of the diaphragm,

'. the thrustofthe spring 46' is s'uflicient to the valve 59. Owing to the convex andconcave'bearing surfaces of the nut'51 and the head 47, the nut can be turned up or down:

without twisting the spring 46.

The method of operation is as follows: With the pipe 5 and the mill) as parts of a refrigerating system, liquid ammonia, if that is the refrigerant used, passes through the pipe. 5, the passage 10, the chamber 11, the stopper 21, the plate 20, the passage 18, the passage 14, the passage 25 and the passage 30, where it begins to vaporize. Most of the vaporizing ammonia rushes past the valve 59 down through the chamber 28, the recess 33 and the passage 34 into the coil 9. But a, small portion of the vapor passes up through the passage 54 into the depression 37 so as to exert a tension on the diaphragm 40. Consequently the diaphragm tends to act on the foot 44 so as to compress the spring 46 and the spring 57 acts on the bolt 58 so as to tend to close the valve 59. The partial closing of the valve 59 throttles the flow of ammonia through the passage 30. And as vaporizing ammonia continues to be drawn ofl through the coil 9, the tension of vapor on the under side of the diaphragm 40 diminishes and the valve 59 tends to open a little more. The three forces of the spring 46, the spring 57 and the vapor on the under side of the diaphragm 40 soon produce an approximate equilibrium so that an approximately constant pressure is thereafter maintained in the C011 9. This pressure may be increased or diminished, as desired, by lowering or raising the nut 51.

As the diaphragm 40 reciprocates for the short distance necessary to close or open the valve 59, any superimposed glycerin or oil is free to surge back and forth through the holes 42 and 45'. It occasionally happens, by accident that the pressure in an expansion coil may equalize throughout the system, in whichmas'e' a thin diaphragm'in the expansion valve might be expanded beyond On the other hand the rim 36 prevents anexcessive inward movement of the diaphragm 40, however tense the spring 46 ma be. And since the foot 44 has an area suc as to cover the entire rim 36, there can be -no shearing strain on the diaphragm 40. p By reason of'the bolt 58 being guided in overcome the counter thrust of the spring 1'57 and, by depressing the bolt 58, to unseat the extreme top of the su port 55 and of the valve 59 being guide as before described, near the bottom ofthe support, it happens that, when.the-valve is seated, the plate 60 bears flat against its seat 31. By

reason of the hub on the under side of the valve 59 and'also of the nut 61 being spaced slightly away from the support, 55,there is raped face 2 to the face 6 eliminates all pockets and makes a valve that can be used with absorptionrefrigerating'machines employing water as the absorbent. Italso is to be noted that the spring 57 is placed out of the course of the passing fluid and'cannot' be clogged by any freezing of entrained water or of the expandingfluidif ,so liable;- For our valve is also welladapted for use as a reducing valve for liquefied; carbonic acid gas.- The freezing point of this substance isv such a few degrees below its liquefying point under pressure that, iii the liquefiedcarbonic acid gas is allowed 1 to escape through a small orifice into the atmosphere or into a chamber where'the pressure is less than five and one-half atmospheres, the consequent vaporization of most of the liquid will freeze a part of the escaping liquid and this frozen part maylodge in any convenient pocket and clog the passages. But the free downward course from the seat 31 into the coil 9 is inaccessible.

What we have invented'andwhat we desire to have protectedby Letters Patent is expres'sedinclaims as follows: r

We claim:

pocketlessand the spring 57 is hill onsaid seat, a diaphragm formingone wall 7 of the chamber in said casing, means secured to said valve, and tending to force said diaphragm ofitward and to seat said valve, said valve being eccentric as to said means and longitudinally adjustable thereon, and means tending to'force said diaphragminward and to unseat said valve and exerting greater ,force thansaid former means.

t. combination a chamber casing having a valve, seat',--a valve adapted for seating on-said seat,=a diaphragm forming one wall ofthechamber in'said casing, reciprocating means secured to said valve and operating when saiddiaphragm moves outward a certain distance to seat said valve, said valve being eccentric as to said means and longitudinally adjustable thereon; and means tending to force said diaphragm inward and to unseat said valve.

5. In combination a chamber casing having a valve seat, a valve adapted for seating I on said seat, a diaphragm forming one wall ofthe chamber in said casing, reciprocating means secured to said valve and tending to force said diaphragm outward and to seat said valve, said valve being eccentric as to saidlmeans and longitudinally adjustable thereon, and means tending to force said diaphragminward and tounseat said valve and exerting greater force than said former means.- g

6. In combination a chamber casing having a valve'seat, a valve adaptedfor seating on said seat, a diaphragm forming one wall cured to said valveseparate from and bearing eccentric asto said-carrier and longitu- 1. In combination a chamberv casing havdinally adjustable thereon, a spring tending ing an inlet, a valve seat around the inlet and an outlet, a valve within the chamber in said casing and adapted for'seatin on said" seat, a diaphragm forming one 'wa of said chamber, a carrier separate from and bearingagainst said diaphragm and carrying of the chamber in said'casing, means secured to said valve and operating when said diaphragm moves outward a certain distance to seat said valve, said valve being eccentric as to said means and longitudinally adjust able thereomand means tending to force said diaphragm inward and to unseat said valve. 3, In combination a chamber casing having a valve seat, a valve adapted for seating,

tocause said carrier to seat said valve with an outward movement of said diaphragm, and meanstending to torce'said diaphragm and carrier inward and to'unseat said valve and exerting greater force than said spring. 7. In combination a chamber casing having a valve seat opening downward and an outlet below the, seat, a valve adapted for seating-on. said seat, a diaphragm forming one wall oil the chamber in said casing, a carrier secured to said valve separate. from and bearing against-said diaphragm, said valve being eccentric asto said carrier and longitudinally adjustable thereon, a spring above said outlet tending to cause said carrier to seat said valve with an outward movement of said diaphragm, and means tending to force said diaphragm and carrier inward-and to unseat said valve and exerting greater force than said spring.

.8. In combination a chamber casing containing a valve chamber partly of a smaller diameter and partly ofa larger diameter, 1

having a. wall transverse tothe axis of the chamber and adjacent to its part of smaller 10d of the chamber insaid casing, a carrier se-' i diameter, having a valve seat in said wall eccentric as to its part ,of smaller diameter and having a diaphragm chamber connected with the part 'of' the valve chamber of smaller. diameter, a valve adapted for seat ing on said seat, a diaphragm forming one Wall of said diaphragm chamber, means secured to said valve and tending to force said diaphragm outward and to seat said valve, said valve being eccentric as to said means and longitudinally adjustable thereon,

and means tending to force said diaphragm inward and to unseat said valve and exerting greater force than said former means.

' 9'. In combination a chamber casing containing a valve chamber partly of a smaller diameter and partly of a larger diameter, .having a wall transverse to the axis of the chamber and adjacent to its part of smaller diameter, having a valve seat in'said wall eccentric as to its part of smaller diameter and having a diaphragm chamber connected with the part of the valvechamber of '"smaller. diameter, a valve adapted for seat- '25 ing on said seat, a diaphragm forming one wall of said diaphragm chamber, a carrier secured to said valve separate from and bearing against said diaphragm, said valve being eccentric as to said carrier. and longitudinally adjustable thereon, a spring tending to" cause said carrier to seat said valve with an outward movement of said diaphragm, and

. means tending to force said diaphragm and carrier inward and to' unseat said valve and exerting greater force than said spring.

10. 'In combination a chamber casing containing a smaller guiding chamber and a connected larger guiding chamber, having a valve seat in the wall of the larger cham- 40 ber transverse to its-longitudinal axis and adjacent to the smaller chamber and'having a diaphragm chamber connected to the smaller chamber, a valve adapted for seating on said seat, a diaphragm .forming one wall of said diaphragm chamber, a carrier secured to said valve separate from and 'bearing against said diaphragm and guided in said guiding chambers, said valve being eccentric as to said carrier and longitudinally adjustable thereon, means causingsaid carrierto move outward with an outward move- 'ment of said diaphragm and tending to seat said valve, and means forcing said diaphragm and carrier inward so as to unseat said valve except when opposed by a predetermined fluid pressure on the inner side of the diaphragm.

'11. In combinatio a chamber casing containing' a smallerl guiding chamber and a connected larger guiding chamber, having a valve seat in the wall of the larger guiding chamber transverse to its longitudinal axis and adjacent to the smaller chamber and having a diaphragm chamber connected taining. a smaller guiding chamber and a.

cbnnected larger guiding chamber, having a valve seat in the wall of the larger chamber transverse to its longitudinal axis and adjacent to the smaller chamber and having a diaphragm chamber connected with the smaller chamber, a valve adaptedf or seating on said seat, a diaphragm forming one wall of said diaphragm chamber, a carrier secured to said valve separate from and bearing against said diaphragm and guided in said guiding chambers, said valve being eccentric as to said carrier and longitudinally adjustable thereon, a spring tending to cause said carrier to seat said valve with an outward movement of said diaphragm, and means tending to. force said diaphra m and carrier inward and tounseat said va ve and exerting greater, force than said spring.

13. In combination a casing containing a diaphragm chamber, a spring chamber opening from the diaphragm chamber and a valve chamber opening from the spring chamber and having a valve seat in the valve chamber eccentric as to the axis of the spring chamber and an outlet below the spring chamber, a diaphragm, forming the wall of said diaphragm chamber opposite theopening into said spring chamber, a valve in said valve chamber adapted for seating on said seat, a'

carrier extending from said valve chamber into said diaphragmjchamber, separate from and bearing against said diaphragm, said valve being secured to said carrier and being longitudinally adjustable thereon, a spring in said spring chamber thrusting said carrier against said diaphragm and thereby tending to seat said valve with an outward movement of the diaphragm, and means for forcing said diaphragm and carrier inward so as to unseat said valve.

'14. In combination a casing contaimng a diaphragm chamber, a spring chamber.

opening from the diaphragm chamber and a valve chamber opening from the spring chamber and having a valve seat in the valve chamber eccentric as to the axis of the spring chamber and an outlet below the spring chamber, a diaphragm forming the wall of said diaphragm chamber opposite manner the opening into said spring chamber, a valve in said valve chamber adapted tor seating on said seat and having an extension with a threaded opening therein, a carrier extending from said valve chamber into said diaphragm chamber,.having a threaded end occupying said threaded opening and having a head separate from and bearing against" said diaphragm, a spring in said spring chamber'thrusting said head against said diaphragm and thereby tending to seat said valve with 'an outward movement of the diaphragm, and means for forcing said I diaphragm and head inward so as to unseat said valve.

15. lln combination a casing containing a diaphragm chamber,-a sprlng chamber.

opening from the diaphragm chamber and a valve chamber opening from the spring chamberand having a valve seat in thevalve chamber and a pressure transmitting passage between the diaphragm chamber and the valve chamber, a diaphragm forming the wallof said diaphragm chamber opposite the opening into said springchamber,

a valve in said valve chamber adapted for seating on said seat, a carrier extending i from said valve chamber into said. dia- 1 and being longitudinally adjustable thereon, I

ghragm chamber, making a reciprocating.

t in the opening between said spring chamber and said valve chamber and bearing against said diaphragm-and separate therefrom, said valve being secured to said carrier a spring in said spring chamber thrusting said carrier against said diaphragm and thereby tending to seat said valve with an outward movement of the diaphragm, and means for forcing said'diaphragm and carrier inward so as to unseat said valve.

18. in combination a casing containing a diaphragm chamber, a spring chamber opening from the diaphragm chamber and a valve chamber'opening from the spring chamber and having a valve seat in the valve chamber and a pressure transmitting pas- ;sage between the diaphragm chamber and.

the valve chamber, a diaphragm forming the wall of said diaphra chamber opposite the opening intosaid spring a chamber, a

valve in said valve chamber adapted for I seating on said seat and having an extension with a threaded opening therein, a carrier diaphragm, and means for forcing mid diaclosingsaid chamber and whereb ing said valve, a spring thrusting said car- .phragm and head inward so as to unseat' said valve.

17. In combination a casing having an inlet passage terminatingin a valve seat and having a chamber beyond the seat, a diaphragm forming one wall of said chamber, a valve adapted for seating on said seat, a carrier bearing against said diaphragm and carrying said valve, aspring thrusting said carrier against said diaphragm and thereby tending to seat said valvewith an outward movement of the diaphragm, a removable support in said chamber supporting said -spgang, means for forcing said diaphragm and carrier inward so as to unseat said valve, and a detachable section normally access may behad to said valve, carrier, spring and support. r

18. In combination a casing having an inlet passage terminating in an inlet recess and having a chamber beyond the recess, a diaphragm forming one wall of said chamher, a seat piece detachably secured within said recess and having aipassage registering with said inlet passage and terminating in a valve seat Within said chamber, a valve adapted for seating on said seat, a carrier bearing against said diaphragm andjcarryrier against: said diaphragm and thereby tending to seat said valve with an outward movement-bf the diaphragm, a removable sup rt' in said chamber supporting said spring, means'i-ior forcing said diaphragm and carrierinward so as to unseat said valve,

and a detachable section normally closing said chamber and whereby access may be had to said piece, valve, carrier, spring and support.

19. llncombination a casing containing a 10 diaphragm chamber, a-spring chamber opening from the diaphragm chamber and a valve chamber opening from the spring chamber and having a valve seat in the valve chamber eccentric as to'the axis of thello spring chamber and an outlet below the spring chamber, a diaphragm forming thewall of said diaphragm -chamber opposite a the opening into said spring chamber, a valve in said valve chamber adapted for seating on said seat, a carrier extendln from said valve chamber into said diap ragmchamber, separate from and bearing against said diaphra r said valve being secured to said carrier and being longitudinally ad mo justable thereon, a spring in said spring chamber thrusting said carrier against said diaphragmand thereby tending to seat said valve with an outward movement of the diaphragm, and means tending to force said diaphragm and carrier inward and to, unseat said valve and exerting greater force than said spring. L a a 20 said valve with an outward movement of wall of said diaphragm chamber opposite the opening into said spring chamber, a valve in said valve chamber adapted for seating on said seat and having an extension 'with a threaded opening therein, a carrier extending from said valve chamber into said diaphragm chamber, having a threaded end occupying said threaded opening and having a head separate from and bearingagainst said diaphragm, a spring in said spring chamber thrusting said head against said diaphragm. and thereby tending to seat the diaphragm, and means tending to ,force a valve chamber opening from the spring chamber and having a valve seat in the valve chamber and a pressure transmitting passage between the diaphragm chamber and the valve chamber, a diaphragm forming the wall of said diaphragm chamber opposite the openinginto said spring chamber, a valve in said'valve chamber ada ted for seatin on said seat, a carrier exten ing '{from sai valve chamber into said diaphragmchamber, making a reciprocating fit in the opening between said spring chamber and said valve chamber and bearing against said diaphragm and separate therefrom, said valve being secured to said carrier and being longitudinally adjustable thereon, a spring in said spring chamber thrustingsaid carrier against said diaphragm and thereby tending ,to seat said valve with an outward movement ofthe diaphragm, and means tending to force said diaphragm and carrier inward and to unseat said valve and exerting greater force than said spring.

22. In combination a casing containing a a spring chamber diaphragpr chamber, opening rom the diaphragm chamber and a valve chamber opening fromthe spring .and the valve chamber, a diaphragm form ing the wall of said diaphragm chamber opposite the openmg intosa id springcham- .ber, a valve in said valve chamber adapted for seating on said seat and having an extension with a threaded opening therein, a carrier extending from said valve chamber into said *diaphragm chamber, having a threaded end occupying said threaded opening, making a reciprocating fit in the opening between saidspring chamber and said valve chamber and having a head separate from and bearing against said diaphragm,

a spring in said spring chamber thrustlng said head against said diaphragm and there-' by tending to seat said valve with an outward movement of the diaphragm, and means tending to force said diaphragm and head inward and to unseat said valve and exerting greater force than said spring.

2-3. In combination a casing having an inlet passage terminating in a valve seat and having a chamber beyond the seat, a diaphragm forming one wall of said chamber, a valve adapted for seating on said seat, a carrier bearing against said diaphragm and carrying said valve, a spring thrusting said carrier against said diaphragm and thereby tending to seat said diaphragm, a removable support in said chamber supporting said spring, means tending to force said diaphragm and carrier inward and to unseat said valve and exerting greater force than said. spring, and a detachable section normally closing said chamber and whereby access may be had to said valve, carrier, sprin and support.

24. In combination a c amber casing having an inlet passage terminating in an inlet recess, a seat piece detachably secured within said recess, having-a passage registering with said inlet passage and having around and carrier inward so as to unseat said valve except when opposed by a predetermined" fluid pressure on the inner side of the diaphragm.

25. In combination a chamber casing having an inlet passage terminating in an inlet recess, a seat piece detachably secured within said recess, having a passage registerin with said inlet passage and having aroun its inner termination a valve seat within the chamber of said casing,'a valve adapted for seating on said seat a diaphragm formingone Wall of said chamber, a carrier bearing against said diaphragm and carrylngv said valve, a removable support valve with an outward movement of the in said chamber supporting said carrier, a said casing wall whereby aeoess may be had 10 spring resting in said support and acting to said piece, valve, carrier, support and lflpOIl 'saig carrier and thereby tefiiding to spring.

orce sai diaphragm outward an tosea-t said valve, means forcing said diaphragm and carrier inward so as to unseat said valve except when opposed by a predeter- Witnessesz mined fluid pressure on the inner side of JOHN E. PRAGER;

, the diaphragm, and a detachable section in G. R. PIERCE. 

